YAKU BASED ON HONOR TILES
Pung of Dragons (1 Faan each)A triplet/quad of any of the three dragons.
Pung of Seat Wind (1 Faan)
A triplet/quad of your own seat wind.
Pung of Round Wind (1 Faan)
A triplet/quad of the round wind. If your seat wind is the round wind, you score both of these yaku for a total of 2 faan.
Little Three Dragons (2 Faan)
Having a triplet/quad of two of the dragons and a pair of the third. Worth a total of 4 faan including the 2 faan earned by having two triplets/quads of dragons.
YAKU BASED ON BONUS TILES
No Bonus Tiles (1 Faan)Not drawing any bonus tiles before you complete your hand.
Own Bonus Tiles (1 Faan Each)
Drawing a copy of the bonus tile corresponding to your seat.
All Flowers/Seasons (1 Faan)
Drawing all four red season bonus tiles, or all four blue flower bonus tiles.
Six Bonus Tiles (1 Faan)
Drawing a total of six bonus tiles before you complete your hand.
Seven Bonus Tiles (3 Faan)
Drawing a total of seven bonus tiles before you complete your hand. In addition, any time during any of your turns from now on before discarding, you may choose to declare a self-pick win regardless of the composition of your hand. This win will be worth exactly 3 faan, regardless of any other faan you may have scored. You may declare this win before drawing a replacement tile: Therefore, this is the only way to win if the last tile in the wall is a bonus tile. Alternatively, you may choose to continue the hand and try to complete it for its regular value, plus the 3 faan for this yaku. Cannot stack with Six Bonus Tiles.
YAKU BASED ON COMPOSITION
All Chows (1 Faan)A hand composed entirely of four runs and a pair.
All Pungs (3 Faan)
A hand composed entirely of four triplets/quads and a pair.
Seven Pairs (3 Faan)
A hand composed entirely of seven distinct pairs (no quads). Cannot stack with All Chows.
Half Flush (3 Faan)
A hand composed of only one suit and honor tiles.
Full Flush (6 Faan)
A hand composed entirely of one suit. Cannot stack with Half Flush.
YAKU BASED ON WINNING
Self-Pick (1 Faan)Drawing the winning tile yourself.
Concealed Hand (1 Faan)
A hand made without any open melds. You may take a discarded tile as your winning tile and still earn this yaku.
Last Tile Draw (1 Faan)
Drawing the very last tile in the wall and using it to win. Worth a total of 2 faan including Self-Pick. The Chinese name for this yaku translates to "Scooping the Moon's Reflection from the Bottom of the Sea".
Last Tile Discard (1 Faan)
Winning with the last discard in the game, made immediately after the wall runs out of tiles. The Chinese name for this yaku translates to "Catching a Fish at the End of the River".
Win Off a Replacement Tile (1 Faan)
Winning with the replacement tile drawn from a bonus tile or a quad. Worth a total of 2 faan including Self-Pick. The Chinese name for this yaku translates to "A Flower Blooms on the Mountain Top". Cannot stack with Last Tile Draw, even if the replacement tile is the last tile of the wall.
Gong-On-Gong (2 Faan)
Making a quad, then making another quad in the same turn after drawing your replacement tile, and then drawing your winning tile as that second replacement tile. Worth a total of 3 faan including Self-Pick. Cannot stack with Last Tile Draw or Win Off a Replacement Tile.
Robbing a Gong (1 Faan)
Winning off of a tile used to made a promoted quad. Scored as a win by discard against the player making the promoted quad.
LIMIT HANDS
Four Concealed PungsA concealed hand of four triplets/quads and a pair. You may only win by discard to complete the pair: All four triplets must be entirely self drawn (Otherwise, the hand is simply scored as Concealed Hand and All Pungs).
Little Four Winds
A hand including triplets/quads of three of the four winds, and a pair of the fourth.
Big Four Winds
A hand including triplets/quads of all four winds.
Big Three Dragons
A hand including triplets/quads of all three dragons.
All Honors
A hand made entirely of four triplets/quads and a pair of honor tiles, or seven distinct pairs of honor tiles.
All Terminals
A hand made entirely of four triplets/quads and a pair of terminal tiles (1's or 9's).
Nine Gates
A concealed hand that contains 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 9, 9 in the same suit, plus any other tile in that suit.
Four Gongs
A hand made of four quads and a pair. Also called "The 18 Arhats".
Eight Bonus Tiles
If you choose not to declare a 3 faan win with the seventh bonus tile and later draw the eighth bonus tile, your hand is immediately scored as a self-pick limit hand before drawing a replacement tile, regardless of the composition of your hand. You may not choose to draw a replacement tile and try to form a regular winning hand. Also called "The Eight Immortals".
Thirteen Orphans
A hand made up of one of every honor tile, one of every terminal tile, and any other copy of any other these tiles.
Perfect Green
A hand made entirely of tiles printed exclusively in green ink. These tiles included the green dragon, 2-bamboo, 3-bamboo, 4-bamboo, 6-bamboo, and 8-bamboo. Note that this is the only limit hand which must inherently be made of only bamboo tiles and (possibly) the green dragon.
The Chariot
A concealed hand that scores Seven Pairs and a Full Flush in dots, without using terminal tiles. That is, the final hand must be 2-2-3-3-4-4-5-5-6-6-7-7-8-8 in dots. Note that this is the only limit hand which must inherently be made of only dot tiles.
A hand made up of a triplet of the green dragon, three triplets of any other bamboo tiles, and a pair of bamboo tiles. The McGill Students' Mahjong Club no longer recognizes this as a limit hand.
A hand made up of a triplet of the white dragon, three triplets of any other circle tiles, and a pair of circle tiles. The McGill Students' Mahjong Club no longer recognizes this as a limit hand.
Ruby Dragon
A hand made up of a triplet of the red dragon, three triplets of any other character tiles, and a pair of character tiles. Note that this is the only limit hand which must inherently be made of only character tiles and the red dragon. For this reason, the McGill Students' Mahjong Club still recognizes this as a limit hand.
Gift of Heaven
The dealer's opening hand is a winning hand, after replacing bonus tiles. If your opening hand has seven or eight bonus tiles, and you elect to declare a win with those instead of having a naturally completed hand, this limit hand cannot be earned.
Gift of Earth
A non-dealer's first draw gives them a winning hand. If any open melds or concealed quads are made before that player gets to draw, this limit hand cannot be earned. If your opening hand has seven or eight bonus tiles, and you elect to declare a win with those instead of having a naturally completed hand, this limit hand cannot be earned.
Gift of Man
A non-dealer wins on a discarded tile before their first draw. If any open melds or concealed quads are made before that player wins, this limit hand cannot be earned.
Eight Dealer Keeps
If the seat winds do not shift for seven hands in a row, the next hand is scored as a limit hand if the dealer wins. The hand must be able to meet the minimum faan requirement regardless of this yaku in order for it to be a valid win. If the hand ends in a draw or the dealer wins (such that the seat winds do not shift again), the next hand will also be scored as a limit hand if the dealer wins, and this will continue indefinitely until another player wins and the seat winds shift. If the dealer has seven bonus tiles and declares a win with those instead of having a naturally completed hand, it still counts as this limit hand.
SCORING
This is the scoring system used by the McGill Students' Mahjong Club to translate your faan into points. If you score a limit hand, do not count faan at all, simply score it as a 13+ faan win (The limit of how much your hand can score). If your hand meets the requirements for multiple limit hands at once (Such as an All Honors hand that includes the Big Four Winds), score it as a 13+ fan win for every different limit hand you qualify for.
If you win off of a discard, only the player who discarded your winning tile pays the amount of points in the second column corresponding to your hand's faan. If you self-pick your winning tile, all three other players pay the amount of points in the third column corresponding to your hand's faan (Earning you 150% the amount of points earned by winning off of a discard).
If your hand qualifies as any of the limit hands, treat it as 13+ faan, and do not score any other faan for it. If your hand qualifies for multiple distinct limit hands at once (such as a hand that scored both Big Four Winds and also All Honors), score each limit hand separately. For example, a Big Four Winds and All Honors hand would receive 512 points if won off of a discarded tile, and 256 points off of each other player if won by self-pick.
Also note that if your hand is considered 'dead' for any reason (such as having too many or too few tiles, or having made a false declaration of win earlier in the hand), you cannot under any circumstances declare a win. This includes the irregular wins of Seven Bonus Tiles and Eight Bonus Tiles.
How many points do players commonly start with?
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